Git reset is the scalpel. It rewrites history with precision. When the wrong commit slips in, git reset --hard HEAD~1 erases it from the working tree and index. Soft mode (git reset --soft) keeps changes staged, letting you adjust before pushing. Mixed mode (git reset --mixed) clears the index but leaves files ready for edits.
Used with force, Git reset alters the repository state — commits disappear, branches point somewhere new. To recover after a reset, you sometimes need reflog: git reflog shows every commit your HEAD has pointed at. That’s your safety net.
Nmap works in a different world — the network layer. It scans hosts and services with commands like nmap -sV to detect versions, or nmap -A for aggressive detection and OS fingerprinting. Combine stealth with accuracy using nmap -Pn when ping scans fail. Each option reveals different attack surfaces, making Nmap a core tool for security audits and infrastructure reconnaissance.