ISO 27001 demands control, visibility, and accountability over every identity in your environment. Service accounts—those non-human accounts used for automation, integration, and background processes—often slip past security policies. They accumulate excessive permissions, bypass MFA, and hide in legacy systems. This makes them prime targets for attackers and a common source of non-compliance.
Under ISO 27001, service accounts must be documented, secured, and reviewed. Start with an inventory. Identify every service account in your network, cloud environments, CI/CD pipelines, and third-party systems. Map each account to its owner, purpose, and scope of access. No orphaned accounts should exist.
Next, enforce principle of least privilege. Service accounts should only have the exact permissions required for their tasks. Remove interactive login rights unless absolutely necessary. Rotate credentials frequently. Use strong, unique passwords or API keys. Implement secrets management to protect these credentials at rest and in transit.
Monitoring is non-negotiable. Track login events, unusual activity, and changes to service account configurations. Integrate logging with your SIEM to flag anomalies in real time. When service accounts trigger alerts, respond with the same urgency as a human account compromise.