The pod is blind until the network lets it see.

Kubernetes Network Policies give you control over what each pod can send and receive. Without them, every pod talks to every other, and security boundaries vanish. With them, you define exactly who speaks, who listens, and who stays silent.

User provisioning in this context means deciding which users—or more often, which service accounts—can create, update, and deploy these policies. It links identity management to network control. When you combine Kubernetes RBAC with Network Policies, you ensure only the right hands shape the cluster’s traffic rules.

A NetworkPolicy is defined in YAML. It targets a set of pods by label selectors, and specifies allowed ingress and egress rules. You can filter by namespace, by IP blocks, or by other pod selectors. A default deny-all policy locks down communication, then you open precise paths. For external access, whitelist only trusted IP ranges or services.

Provisioning users for this work needs a step-by-step approach.

1. Map roles to required privileges: who writes policies, who reviews them, who applies them.
2. Bind these roles to service accounts through Kubernetes RBAC.
3. Enforce that only these accounts have access to the Kubernetes API verbs related to NetworkPolicies.
4. Audit regularly. Check logs and ensure that applied policies match intended design.

For better resilience, segment applications into namespaces, apply namespace-level defaults, and give each provisioned user rights only in their scope. This prevents accidental or malicious cross-namespace traffic changes. Encryption in transit with mTLS adds another layer. Combine it with Network Policies for a defense-in-depth model.

Automation makes provisioning consistent. Use GitOps workflows to store policy definitions in version control. Changes go through review, then a CI/CD pipeline applies them to the cluster. This keeps a clean audit trail and prevents drift between environments.

Kubernetes Network Policies and user provisioning are not optional in production. They are the difference between an open field and a guarded perimeter.

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